23. Other Liabilities
Other liabilities were comprised as follows:
  | 
      
  | 
      
  | 
      
  | 
      
  | 
    |||||||
  | 
      Dec. 31, 2017  | 
      Dec. 31, 2018  | 
    |||||||||
  | 
      Total  | 
      Of which current  | 
      Total  | 
      Of which current  | 
    |||||||
  | 
      € million  | 
      € million  | 
      € million  | 
      € million  | 
    |||||||
        
  | 
    |||||||||||
Other tax liabilities  | 
      111  | 
      111  | 
      96  | 
      96  | 
    |||||||
Deferred income  | 
      11  | 
      11  | 
      1  | 
      1  | 
    |||||||
Grants and subsidies received from governments  | 
      13  | 
      5  | 
      13  | 
      7  | 
    |||||||
Liabilities to employees  | 
      38  | 
      36  | 
      26  | 
      24  | 
    |||||||
Liabilities for social expenses  | 
      17  | 
      16  | 
      17  | 
      17  | 
    |||||||
Accrued interest on liabilities  | 
      6  | 
      6  | 
      5  | 
      5  | 
    |||||||
Contract liabilities1  | 
      –  | 
      –  | 
      28  | 
      28  | 
    |||||||
Refund liabilities1  | 
      –  | 
      –  | 
      33  | 
      32  | 
    |||||||
Miscellaneous liabilities  | 
      25  | 
      15  | 
      21  | 
      12  | 
    |||||||
Total  | 
      221  | 
      200  | 
      240  | 
      222  | 
    |||||||
The miscellaneous liabilities included €4 million (previous year: €5 million) in liabilities from derivatives.
Further information on contract liabilities is given in note 6.