9.Personnel Expenses and Employee Numbers
Personnel expenses in fiscal 2019 were comprised as shown in the following table:
|
|
|
||
|
2018 |
2019 |
||
|
€ million |
€ million |
||
Salaries |
(1,610) |
(1,388) |
||
Social expenses and expenses for pensions and other benefits |
(348) |
(374) |
||
of which for defined contribution pension plans |
(88) |
(96) |
||
of which for defined benefit and other pension plans |
(105) |
(107) |
||
Total |
(1,958) |
(1,762) |
Personnel expenses decreased in fiscal 2019 primarily due to significantly lower expenses for short-term variable compensation under the Group-wide Covestro Profit Sharing Plan (Covestro PSP).
For further information on the components of Covestro PSP, see “Compensation Report” in the combined management report.
|
|
|
||
|
2018 |
2019 |
||
Production |
10,348 |
10,955 |
||
Marketing and distribution |
3,580 |
3,438 |
||
Research and development |
1,104 |
1,210 |
||
General administration |
1,575 |
1,539 |
||
Total |
16,607 |
17,142 |
||
Employees in vocational training |
482 |
515 |
The number of employees on either permanent or temporary contracts is stated in full-time equivalents (FTE). Part-time employees are included on a pro-rated basis in line with their contractual working hours. The figures do not include employees in vocational training.